What is Piriformis Syndrome?

Piriformis Syndrome is when a spasm occurs in the Piriformis muscle, which is located in the buttock area, causing pain and discomfort.

Symptoms of piriformis syndrome

Symptoms can be likened to that of sciatic pain, including pain in the buttock and a tingling sensation in the back of the leg and foot. Prolonged sitting can heighten pain, as can using stairs.

Causes

Exact causes are unknown. However, spasm, swelling and tightening of the Piriformis muscle have all been linked.

Diagnosis

Piriformis Syndrome can be diagnosed by medically reviewing the patient’s history, a physical exam and in some cases, diagnostics tests.

How is it treated?

Piriformis Syndrome can be treated in a number of ways, depending on the severity of the condition. The least invasive way of treating Piriformis Syndrome is to stretch the hamstrings, hip flexor muscle and lower back. Other treatments include deep massage, hot and cold therapy and medication for sciatic pain. Further pain management options include X-ray or Ultrasound guided diagnostic injections in the piriformis muscle to help relieve pressure on the sciatic nerve. A longer lasting benefit can be obtained by adding steroids or Botox to these injections.